You may have experienced this. After getting in the car, you turn the key to start the car but nothing happens. This might happen at some point in the future. Cars that don't start are usually caused by a dead battery, faulty starter, or starter solenoid. Testing the battery is easy, but testing the starter solenoid requires a little experience. Also, you'll want to make sure the problem isn't with the battery, ignition switch, or starter motor. Follow these instructions to easily diagnose and test solenoids, with a few simple tools.
Step
Step 1. Move the car to a position that is easy for you to open the starter solenoid
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Depending on the car you have, you may have to work under the car. If you do, use ramps or jacks and make sure you follow safety guidelines. You may also want to remove some of the components nearby to create a workspace.
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Step 2. Locate the electrical connector on the starter solenoid
One of the rods has a knotted wire attached to the starter. This is a positive relationship.
Step 3. Verify that the starter solenoid is receiving the correct amount of power by using a voltmeter on the positive connection of the solenoid
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Place the positive end of the voltmeter on the positive solenoid connection and ground the negative end of the voltmeter. Have your friend start the car. When the key is turned, the voltmeter should read 12 volts.
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If the starter doesn't get 12 volts, the problem is with the battery or ignition. The Starter solenoid should also produce a "click" or "heavy" sound. However this sound may be heard if the starter is getting less than 12 volts, so it is important that you use a voltmeter to test the power level.
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Step 4. Test the starter solenoid by applying current directly from the battery
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Disconnect the ignition lead from the solenoid, and using an insulated screwdriver, short-circuit the solenoid's positive rod to the terminal where the ignition switch is connected. This will provide 12 volts directly from the battery and activate the solenoid, so the starter should be able to start the car. If the ignition switch is not providing enough power or the solenoid is old and stuck, this is the cause of the problem.
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Tips
- If the solenoid is faulty, or you are unsure whether the problem is with the solenoid or the starter motor, replace the entire starter and not just the starter solenoid. The costs involved are not large, and mechanics usually recommend this because several parts work together.
- Save the old solenoid or starter to take to the auto parts store where you bought new parts for a core charge.
- Test the battery first. Then the ignition switch and starter motor before you test the starter solenoid.
