Have the perfect idea for a program, but don't know how to make it happen? Learning a programming language does take a lot of time, but most successful programmers learn a programming language on their own. Once you understand the basics of programming languages, you can quickly create simple programs. Creating a complex program can be a little more difficult, but if you practice, you can quickly create the program of your dreams.
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Part 1 of 7: Learning Programming Languages
Step 1. Decide which language to learn first
If you've never written code before, start with a programming language that's designed for beginners, but still allows you to achieve your programming goals. There are many languages you can learn, and each one is suitable for different implementations and tasks. Some of the popular languages for new developers include:
- C - One of the programming languages that is quite old, but still widely used. Learning C will also make it easier for you to develop your knowledge of C++ and Java.
- C++ - One of the most popular programming languages today, especially in software programming. Learning C++ will take a while, but you'll get plenty of job opportunities once you get the hang of it.
- Java - Another very popular language that can run on almost any type of operating system.
- Python - This language is quite simple to use, and the basics of programming can be learned in just a matter of days. Nevertheless, Python is still a great language and is widely used for servers and websites.
Step 2. Set up the development environment
You will need to install some equipment to start writing code. This kit is called the "development environment". The development environment you need will vary depending on the language you choose.
- Code editor - Almost every programmer would benefit from a dedicated code editor. While you can write code with a simple text editor like Notepad, the process of code generation is much easier if you have a program that demonstrates syntax and automates various programming tasks that are performed over and over again. Some popular code editors include Notepad++, TextMate, and JEdit.
- Compiler or Interpreter - Many languages, such as C and Java, need to be compiled before you can run the code. You will need a compiler for your chosen language. Most compilers can also report errors to you.
- IDE (Integrated Development Environment) - Some programming languages have a code editor, compiler, and error reporter combined into a program called an IDE. Usually, you can download the IDE from the programming language's website.
Step 3. Complete some guides
If you've never programmed before, start small. Find some online tutorials that can guide you through the basic concepts of your language of choice. These concepts include lessons on syntax, variables, functions, routines, conditional statements, and how to apply them.
There are many websites online that provide programming tutorials, including Udemy, Khan Academy, Codecademy, Code.org, and many others
Step 4. Download some sample programs and open source programs
Changing the sample code will help you learn to do things in the language of your choice. There are many sample programs and open source programs that allow you to access the entire code to run the program. Start with a simple program related to the type of program you want to create.
Step 5. Write a simple program to learn the basics of programming languages
When you start writing your own code, start from the ground up. Write a program with simple input and output. Also learn the techniques you'll need when you build more complex programs, such as data handling and subroutines. Experiment and try to break your program.
Step 6. Join a programming community
Chatting with experienced programmers about problems with your program is an invaluable experience. You can find thousands of like-minded programmers on many sites and communities on the internet. Join several communities related to your language of choice, and read as much as you can. Don't be afraid to ask questions, but make sure you've tried to find a solution before asking.
Step 7. Understand that learning a programming language will take some time
You won't be able to program (complex) the first time you touch a programming language. Learning how to use a programming language effectively takes time, but with practice, you'll be able to program more quickly and efficiently.
Part 2 of 7: Designing Programs
Step 1. Write a basic design document
Before you start writing your program, it's a good idea to have some written material to use during the programming process. This design document covers the program targets and explains all the features of the program clearly. This design document allows you to stay focused on the program's functionality.
- This design document should describe each feature you want to implement and how it will be implemented.
- This document should also consider the flow of the user interface and how the user achieves his goals with the program.
Step 2. Make a program mapping with a rough sketch
Create a map of your program, which describes how users move from one section to another. A simple flowchart is usually sufficient for basic programs.
Step 3. Determine the architecture of the program that you will create, the target of the program you plan will determine the structure you choose
Knowing which of these program structures is suitable for your program will help focus development.
Step 4. Start with the "1-2-3" program
This program is the simplest and allows you to get to know the programming language of your choice. Basically, a 1-2-3 program starts, asks for input from the user, and displays the results. Once the results are displayed, the program will be finished.
- After program 1-2-3, make a REPL program. The REPL program returns to process 1 after displaying the results.
- Consider creating a Pipeline program that changes user input and keeps going. The Pipeline program is suitable for programs that require little user interaction, such as RSS readers. The program will be written as a series of classes using a loop.
Part 3 of 7: Making Prototypes
Step 1. Focus on one feature
Prototypes usually focus on the main features of the program. For example, if you are creating an agenda program, your prototype might contain calendar functions and event additions.
Step 2. Make a program until the function runs
Your prototype should be able to function as a program, and will be the foundation for further features, so make sure your prototype runs well. When you create a feature, keep working on that feature until it runs flawlessly and efficiently.
- Prototypes allow you to make quick changes and test them.
- Have someone else test your prototype to make sure it runs properly.
- Expect prototype changes as you work on them.
Step 3. Don't be afraid to throw out the prototype
The whole point of prototyping is experimenting before committing. Prototype lets you see if the features you want can be implemented before you build the program properly. If your prototype doesn't look promising, throw it away and get back to programming. Disposing of less prospective prototypes will save you time later on.
Part 4 of 7: Creating Programs
Step 1. Create a pseudocode base
This base is the framework of your program, and will be the basis of future code. Pseudocode is similar to actual program code, but does not compile. Instead, pseudocode allows programmers to understand what is happening to the code.
Pseudocode is still related to the syntax of a programming language, and must be structured like programming code
Step 2. Develop your prototype
You can use an existing prototype as the basis for your new program, or you can adapt your prototype code into a larger structure for the full program. Whichever approach you choose, use the time you spend designing and improving the prototype well.
Step 3. Start writing code
This process is the core of programming. Writing code will take the most time, and will require a lot of compilation and testing to make sure the code runs properly. If you're working with a team, starting with pseudocode will equalize the movement of each team member.
Step 4. Comment each of your code
Use the comments feature in your chosen programming language to add comments to your entire code. Comments will not only make it easier for anyone who works with your program to know what a code does, they will also help you remember what your code does if you return to the project after a while.
Part 5 of 7: Testing the Program
Step 1. Test each new feature
Every new feature added to the program must be compiled and tested. The more people you can ask to test, the more likely you are to find an error. Your testers should be informed that your program is far from final and they may (and will) find serious errors.
This process is called "alpha testing"
Step 2. Test a fully featured program
Once you have implemented all the features in your program, you should begin intensive testing covering all aspects of the program. This test should involve many testers.
This process is called "beta testing"
Step 3. Test the release candidate
As you continue to make adjustments and add assets to the program, ensure that the version you are about to release is thoroughly tested.
Part 6 of 7: Creating Assets
Step 1. Determine your needs
The type of program you create will determine your asset requirements. Do you need sound, images or special content? You have to find the answer before releasing the program.
Step 2. Consider using a third party service
If you need a lot of assets but can't make them yourself, you can ask a third party for asset creation. There are many freelancers who may be willing to help you.
Step 3. Apply your assets
Ensure that these assets do not interfere with program functionality, and that there are no unnecessary assets. Adding assets is usually done at the end of the programming cycle, unless the asset is an integral asset, which is usually the case with video game programming.
Part 7 of 7: Releasing Programs
Step 1. Consider releasing the program as an open source program
Open source programs allow others to take the code you create and develop it. "Open Source" is a community-supported model of program distribution, and you may get very little benefit. The advantage is that other programmers may be interested in your project and can help your project grow significantly.
Step 2. Create a shop page
If you want to sell your program, you can create an online store on your site to allow buyers to download and purchase your program. Keep in mind that if you have paying customers, customers will expect a product that works well and is error-free.
Depending on your product type, you can also sell various services through your program
Step 3. Support your software release
After releasing the software, you may receive error reports from new users. Categorize the errors according to their severity, and start fixing them. When you update a program, you can release a new version or patch that updates certain parts of the program.
Strong post-release support will increase your customer retention and make your name well known
Step 4. Advertise your program
People should be familiar with your program before starting to use it. Provide copies of programs for relevant software review sites to review, consider releasing a free trial version, write press releases, and do whatever you can to spread the word about your software.
