This article will teach you how to build a great basic electric motor for both simple experimental purposes and scientific projects. You will use the electrical energy from the battery to generate mechanical energy that rotates the coils. These motors are very simple versions of the motors in household appliances, power tools, computer hard drives, and other devices that make your life easier.
Step
Step 1. Create a magnetic coil
Take a magnetic wire or thin copper-coated wire, and wrap it about 10 times around the edge of the tube from the paper. Leave a few centimeters of wire at the beginning and end of the coil.
Step 2. Gently remove the coil from the tube
Wrap the ends of the wires around the coil at opposite points of the loop. Add adhesive to bind the coils together if needed. Once the coils are secure and balanced, you can cut off the excess wire and leave only 3cm of length on either side.
Step 3. Start creating the base
Make four holes in the plastic cup using tacks. Place one hole 1 cm from the top, and the other 1 cm from the bottom, then do the same on the opposite side. In addition to plastic cups, you can also use Styrofoam or paper cups.
Step 4. Make the tip into the battery
Cut two pieces of cord three times the height of the glass and thread the thread through the holes in the glass.
Step 5. Position the glass upside down
Place one magnet outside the closed end of the glass. On the inside, place another or more magnets if necessary, to hold the first magnet in place.
Step 6. Sand the cable
Sand the end of the wire at the bottom of the glass and set it to connect to the battery.
Step 7. Adjust the wires that will hold the coil
Stand the coil on the magnet and adjust it to the height of the coil in the support cable. Bend forward one of the connected wires, and bend back the other wire at the top of the coil.
Step 8. Create the perch
Make the crooked wire perch the coil, so that the coil is held in the smallest possible area between the coil and the magnet.
Step 9. Sand the backing wire
Take the bobbin and sand all layers of one of the backing wires. In other wires, sand only half of the coating so the coating will start to touch the backing wire when the coil is brought near the magnet. To adjust the sanding, you can add a new layer with a permanent marker (adding a layer with a permanent marker is very important because it will break the magnet and make the coil spin).
Step 10. Connect the battery and test the motor
Secure the cable to the battery using tape, making sure both ends of the cable touch the positive and negative ends of the battery. Some adjustments may be required.
Warning
- If you use thin wires and strong currents, the wires can get very hot!
- If the experimenter is a small child, make sure he or she is supervised by an adult to avoid accidents.
